How it works
Volume = area × depth. Weight = volume × density. We work out the area (rectangle, circle or your own figure), multiply by the depth, add extra for settling, then convert to tons using about 1.4 tons per cubic yard (1.66 t/m³).
| Project | Typical depth | Stone |
|---|---|---|
| Garden path | 2–3 in (50–75 mm) | Pea gravel or 3/8" stone |
| Driveway top layer | 4 in (100 mm) | #57 or 3/4" crushed stone |
| New driveway base | 4–6 in (100–150 mm) | #3 or larger base stone |
| Patio or shed base | 4 in (100 mm), compacted | Crushed stone with fines |
| French drain | Fill the trench | Washed 3/4" stone |
Density varies with stone size and moisture, so ask your supplier how they sell it (by the yard or the ton) and check their figure.
Tips
- Lay a weed membrane first for paths and borders.
- Crushed stone with fines compacts and stays put; round pea gravel moves underfoot, so use edging.
- Order the full amount in one delivery. A second small delivery often costs nearly as much as the first.
Edging or a footing too? Use the concrete calculator.
More landscaping tools: mulch calculator · topsoil calculator · sod calculator.
FAQ
How much gravel do I need for a 10×20 driveway?
At 4 inches deep, a 10 × 20 ft area needs about 2.5 cubic yards, roughly 3.5 tons of gravel. Add 10% for settling and compaction.
How many tons are in a yard of gravel?
Most gravel and crushed stone weighs about 1.4 tons per cubic yard (around 2,800 lb). Pea gravel and river rock are similar; dry, light stone can be closer to 1.3.
How deep should gravel be?
About 2–3 in for a garden path, 4 in for a driveway top layer, and 4–6 in of larger base stone under a new driveway. Patio and shed bases are usually 4 in of compacted crushed stone.
Is it cheaper to buy gravel in bags or bulk?
Bags are handy for under about half a cubic yard. Above that, bulk delivery by the yard or ton is almost always cheaper per ton.